As the temperatures start to cool and the leaves begin their annual display, November ushers in a new birthstone celebration. Those born in this transitional month are blessed with not one, but two stunning gemstone options: the radiant citrine and the captivating topaz. From their rich histories to their distinctive geological compositions, these November birthstones offer a wealth of fascinating facts for gem enthusiasts and jewellery lovers alike.
The Golden Allure of Citrine
Citrine, often referred to as "the merchant's stone," is a variety of quartz prized for its warm, golden hues. Ranging from pale lemon to deep amber, this vibrant gem owes its color to the presence of trace amounts of iron within its crystal structure. Formed deep within the Earth's crust over millions of years, citrine is a relative rarity compared to its colorless quartz counterpart, amethyst, which gets heated to achieve the same colour.
Its name sounds like the French word "citron", and for good reason. The word derives from the Latin "citrus" originating from the Greek word "kédros" for its lemon yellow colour.
Citrine has a long and storied history, with records of its use dating back to ancient Greece and Rome. In these ancient civilizations, the gem was believed to have apotropaic powers, meaning it was thought to have the ability to avert evil. Citrine was also associated with success, prosperity, and good health, making it a popular choice for signet rings and other jewelry worn by the nobility.
Geologically, citrine is classified as a variety of macrocrystalline quartz. Its chemical formula, SiO2, is the same as that of amethyst, but the presence of trace iron impurities is what gives citrine its distinctive yellow to orange coloration. Citrine crystals typically form in hydrothermal veins and cavities, often in association with other quartz varieties. On the Mohs hardness scale, citrine ranks 7, making it a durable choice for a wide range of jewellery applications, but if set on a ring to be worn daily, we advise to prefer a bezel or a halo set over an open setting that would expose the stone to knocks.
The Captivating Serenity of Topaz
Topaz, the second November birthstone, is a silicate mineral with a chemical formula of Al2SiO4(F,OH)2. This gem is known for its wide range of color possibilities, from the classic golden hues to the highly prized imperial topaz, which displays a stunning pink-orange blend. Blue topaz, in particular, has become a popular choice for jewelry due to its serene, sky-like appearance. However, this particular shade is very rare and most of the blue topaz available in jewellery is treated.
Its name is said to be derived from the Zabargad island in the Red Sea, formerly known as Topazos, that was an ancient source of peridot which was confused with topaz before the development of modern mineralogy.
Topaz has been valued since ancient times, with records of its use dating back to the ancient Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans. In medieval Europe, topaz was believed to have the power to improve eyesight, dispel anger, and even provide protection from harm. The gem was also highly prized by the nobility, who often used it in elaborate crown jewels and royal regalia.
Geologically, topaz forms in igneous and metamorphic environments, typically in association with granite, rhyolite, and other silica-rich rocks. The gem's distinct crystalline structure, which features perfectly formed rectangular prisms, is the result of its unique chemical composition and the high-temperature, high-pressure conditions in which it forms. On the Mohs hardness scale, topaz ranks 8, making it a relatively hard and durable gemstone, well-suited for a variety of jewelry pieces, including rings, necklaces, and earrings.
Conclusion
As November arrives, those born in this month have the opportunity to celebrate their birthdays with not one, but two remarkable gemstones. From the radiant golden hues of citrine to the captivating blue and pink tones of topaz, these November birthstones offer a wealth of beauty, history, and geological intrigue. Whether worn as jewelry or appreciated for their natural splendor, citrine and topaz are truly a testament to the Earth's remarkable creative powers.
Explore our collection of exquisite citrine and topaz jewellery, expertly crafted in 18k gold to showcase the natural beauty of these November birthstones. Contact us today to find the perfect piece to commemorate your special day or treat yourself to a timeless gemstone treasure.